Kowannenmu tabbas yana amfani da kwamfuta ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, kuma yawancinsu suna da wasu nau'ikan shirye-shiryen riga-kafi da aka sanya a kansu. A cikin duniyar yanar gizo ta yau, wannan mafita ce mai ma'ana. To, na’urorin tafi da gidanka kamar wayoyi da allunan suna ƙara yin fice a kowace rana. Amma shin wajibi ne a kare waɗannan na'urori kuma? Mafi yawan nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta shine malware, wanda ya haɗa da, misali, Trojan horses, worms, spyware, adware, da dai sauransu. Za mu yi bayanin su kadan a ƙasa, sannan mu mayar da hankali kan kare su.

malware

Wani nau'in software ne na ban haushi ko ƙeta wanda aka ƙera don baiwa maharin damar shiga na'urarka ta sirri. Malware galibi ana yada shi ta Intanet da imel. Ko da na'urorin kariya ta software na anti-malware, yana samun ta hanyar yanar gizo da aka yi kutse, nau'ikan wasanni na gwaji, fayilolin kiɗa, shirye-shirye daban-daban ko wasu tushe. Zazzage wasanni da aikace-aikace daga tushen da ba na hukuma ba shine babban dalilin da yasa ake "zazzagewa" wasu abubuwan qeta zuwa na'urarka. Sakamakon yana iya (ko a'a) ya zama fafutuka, aikace-aikace iri-iri waɗanda ma ba ka shigar da kanka ba, da sauransu.

Trojan doki

Irin wannan nau’in kwayar cutar ne mafi yawan masu satar kwamfuta ke amfani da su. Godiya ga irin wannan kutsawar abun cikin qeta, zaku iya fallasa bayanan sirri ga maƙiya ba tare da sanin ku ba. Dokin Trojan yana rikodin, alal misali, maɓallai kuma yana aika fayil ɗin log ɗin zuwa marubucin. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa don samun damar dandalin tattaunawar ku, cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a, wuraren ajiya, da sauransu.

Tsutsotsi

Tsutsotsi shirye-shirye ne masu zaman kansu waɗanda babban fasalinsu shine saurin yada kwafin su. Waɗannan kwafin suna da ikon aiwatar da lambar tushe mai haɗari ban da ƙarin kwafin su. Mafi yawan lokuta, ana rarraba waɗannan tsutsotsi ta hanyar imel. Sau da yawa suna bayyana akan kwamfutoci, amma kuma zaka iya haduwa dasu akan wayoyin hannu.

Matakai kaɗan don cire malware

Babban jagora game da ko aikace-aikacen ɓarna ya kai hari kan tsarin shine amsa ƴan tambayoyi masu sauƙi:

• Shin matsalolin sun fara bayan na sauke wani app ko fayil?
• Shin na shigar da shirye-shirye daga tushen wanin Play Store ko Samsung Apps?
• Na danna wani talla ko magana da aka bayar don zazzage wani app?
• Shin matsalolin suna faruwa ne kawai tare da takamaiman aikace-aikacen?

Cire abun ciki na mugunta bazai zama mai sauƙi koyaushe ba. Zan iya hana ingantattun aikace-aikace daga cirewa ta saitunan tsarin. Kodayake masana tsaro sun ba da shawarar maido da saitunan masana'anta, muna ƙara fuskantar gaskiyar cewa ba lallai ba ne a aiwatar da irin waɗannan ayyukan.

Wataƙila mafi sauƙi zaɓi shine shigar da riga-kafi ko anti-malware, wanda zai duba na'urar ku kuma gano ko akwai wata barazana a cikinta. Tun da akwai ƙa'idodin cire ƙwayoyin cuta marasa ƙima daga wurin, zai yi wahala a zaɓi wanda ya dace. Ba kwa buƙatar damuwa da yawa game da ƙungiyar, saboda kusan dukkanin aikace-aikacen suna da kayan aiki iri ɗaya. Za mu iya samun bambance-bambance a cikin bayanan ƙwayoyin cuta ko kawar da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa. Idan kun isa ga masu haɓakawa da aka tabbatar, ba shakka ba za ku yi kuskure ba.

Idan ko da aikace-aikacen don kawar da matsalolin ba su taimaka ba, to babu zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa da suka rage don gyarawa. Magani kusan 100% shine yin sake saitin masana'anta, wanda ke cire duk fayiloli daga na'urar. Tabbatar da adana bayananku tukuna.

Yayin da duniyar hacking ke ci gaba da ci gaba, yana iya faruwa cewa na'urar ta kasance da lalacewa ta dindindin kuma maye gurbin motherboard kawai zai taimaka. Talakawa bai kamata su zama masu rauni ba. To, rigakafin bai kamata a raina shi ba.