Lokacin zabar wayar hannu, mutane da yawa suna karkatar da kansu kusa da aiki, nuni da ƙila ƙarfin ajiya gwargwadon kayan aikin hoto. Wayoyin salula na zamani galibi suna da shi a matakin gaske, kuma abin da ba za su iya bayarwa ba ta fuskar sigogi na zahiri, galibi suna daidaitawa da software.
A yau za mu yi ƙoƙarin amsa tambayoyi kamar su: Shin adadin megapixels a cikin wayoyin hannu yana da mahimmanci ko kuma yadda ake yanke shawara mai cikakken bayani yayin siyan wayar ta fuskar iya ɗaukar hoto?
Shin megapixels suna da mahimmanci?
Dole ne a ce yawancin masana'antun waya suna yin fare akan wannan darajar ta fuskar tallace-tallace. Duk da haka, shin adadin megapixels shine kawai alamar da za a iya yanke hukunci game da damar daukar hoto a cikin na'urorin mu?
Gidan hoton hoto
Amsar ita ce a'a, adadin megapixels ba shine kawai abin da za a yi la'akari da lokacin siyan waya ba. Ko da yake yana da mahimmanci, sauran abubuwa da abubuwan da suka haɗa da kyamara kuma suna shafar ingancin hotunan da aka samu. A ƙarshe, ya zo ne ga hulɗar hardware, software, da kuma abubuwan da kuke so.
Budewa
Lokacin da muke magana game da daukar hoto, mafi mahimmancin adadi shine haske. ƙwararrun kyamarori da farko suna amfani da buɗewa, wanda shine girman buɗewar ruwan tabarau, don daidaita yawan hasken da suke karɓa, kodayake lokacin bayyanar ko saitunan ISO shima yana shafar adadin hasken da ke shiga. Duk da haka, yawancin wayoyin hannu ba su da alatu na buɗe ido mai daidaitacce, kodayake akwai keɓancewa. Misali, Samsung ya fitar da wayoyi da yawa da ke dauke da budaddiyar budi a shekarun baya, kuma a halin yanzu Huawei yana da samfurin Mate 50 wanda shi ma yana dauke da wannan. Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, masana'antun ba sa so su yi asarar sararin na'ura mai yawa ko kuma kashe kudi mai yawa don sanya allo a cikin wayoyin su. Tasirin gani da ke da alaƙa da amfani da buɗaɗɗen buɗewa ana iya samun nasara sosai ta hanyar software. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin cewa yakamata mu yi watsi da wannan siga gaba ɗaya. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman buɗewa, ƙarin haske na firikwensin kamara zai iya yin aiki da shi, wanda yake da kyawawa. Ana auna buɗaɗɗen lambobi a f-lambobi, tare da ƙaramin lamba daidai da buɗaɗɗe mafi girma.
Tsawon hankali da ruwan tabarau
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine tsayin mai da hankali. Don fahimtar shi, yana da kyau a sake duba mafita don kyamarar gargajiya. Anan, hasken yana wucewa ta hanyar ruwan tabarau, inda aka mayar da hankali ga wani takamaiman wuri sannan kuma firikwensin ya kama shi. Tsawon wuri, wanda aka auna a millimeters, don haka nisa tsakanin firikwensin da wurin da hasken ke haɗuwa. Ƙananan shi ne, mafi girman kusurwar kallo, kuma akasin haka, mafi girma tsayin tsayin daka, ƙananan kusurwar kallo.
Tsawon tsayin kyamarar wayar ya kai kusan mm 4, amma wannan lambar a zahiri ba ta da ma'ana daga mahangar hoto. Madadin haka, an ba da wannan adadi a cikin 35mm daidai, wanda shine abin da ake buƙata don cimma kusurwa iri ɗaya akan kyamarar cikakken firam.
Gidan hoton hoto
Lambobi mafi girma ko ƙasa ba lallai ba ne mafi kyau ko mafi muni, amma yawancin wayoyi a yau suna da aƙalla kamara mai faɗin kusurwa guda ɗaya tare da ɗan gajeren tsayin daka saboda masu amfani suna son ɗaukar hoto mai faɗi gwargwadon yiwuwa a cikin hotunansu. Hakanan zaku yaba wannan fasalin lokacin yin vlogging, misali. Tare da ruwan tabarau mai faɗin kusurwa, za ku sami ƙarin sarari kuma ba lallai ne ku sau da yawa isa ga na'urorin haɗi kamar sandunan selfie, masu riƙewa iri-iri, da makamantansu ba.
Ruwan tabarau yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci don tsayin mai da hankali na kyamara. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa da ruwan tabarau mai kariya, yayin da aikinsa shine lanƙwasa da mayar da hankali kan haske akan firikwensin hoto.
Akwai matsala a nan saboda yadda hasken bakan launi daban-daban yana lanƙwasa ta hanyoyi daban-daban saboda yana da tsayi daban-daban. Sakamakon haka shi ne nau'o'in hargitsi da ɓarna, waɗanda masana'antun kera wayoyin ke hulɗa da su duka sassan na'urar da kanta da software. Babu ruwan tabarau cikakke, kuma wannan gaskiya ne sau biyu ga na'urorin hannu, yayin da muke aiki tare da ƙananan girma anan. Duk da haka, wasu ruwan tabarau na wayar salula na yanzu suna yin abin sha'awa.
Kuna iya sha'awar
Ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na murdiya da tunani yana da sarkakiya sosai, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yawancin masana'antun waya ba sa son bugawa. informace game da ruwan tabarau tare da wasu ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Idan kuna da zaɓi, yana da kyau a wannan batun don gwada ƙarfin kamara da farko sannan ku yanke shawara ko fitarwar da aka bayar ya dace da ku.
Sensor
Na'urar firikwensin shine ainihin mahimmancin kayan aikin kamara wanda ke canza danyen bayanan gani zuwa bayanan lantarki informace. An rufe samansa da miliyoyin nau'ikan photocells guda ɗaya waɗanda ke aiki bisa ƙarfin hasken da aka karɓa.
Mafi girman sel guda ɗaya, mafi kyawun suna ɗaukar haske kuma suna iya haifar da ƙarin ƙimar aminci, musamman a cikin ƙananan haske. A cikin sauƙi, ana iya cewa firikwensin firikwensin shine mafi kyawun zaɓi a mafi yawan lokuta, kodayake wasu dalilai kamar pixels nawa ne firikwensin ya ƙunshi ko girman pixel ɗaya suma suna taka rawa.
Launuka
Ma'anar launi na ainihi yana da mahimmanci ga kowane mai daukar hoto. Ana amfani da matatun launi don samun su, yawanci ja, kore da shuɗi. Mai sarrafa hoto wanda ke amfani da waɗannan launuka zuwa ƙimar haske na kowane firam ɗin hoto yana da informace game da tsarin su, wanda ke yi masa hidima don ƙirƙirar hoton da aka samu. Yawancin wayoyi suna amfani da abin da ake kira Bayer color filter, wanda ya ƙunshi 50% green, 25% ja da 25% blue (RGGB), dalilin da ya sa launin kore ya fi girma shi ne cewa idon ɗan adam yana ganin wannan launi fiye da sauran.
Haka kuma masana'antun daban-daban sun gwada wasu nau'ikan tacewa ko kuma suna ƙoƙarin gyara su, wanda ya damu, misali, kamfanin Huawei, wanda ya maye gurbin na'urar ta Bayer ta gargajiya da kore da rawaya don ƙara hankali, wanda ya haifar da sakamako, amma a cikin wasu hotuna za ku iya ganin ɗan tinge rawaya mara kyau. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da matatar RGGB yawanci suna da ingantattun hotuna masu haifar da sakamako saboda algorithms da suke amfani da su sun daɗe kuma saboda haka sun fi girma.
Mai sarrafa hoto
Sashe mai mahimmanci na ƙarshe na kayan aikin hoto na wayar hannu shine na'urar sarrafa hoto. Na ƙarshe, kamar yadda aka riga aka nuna, yana kula da sarrafa bayanan da aka samu daga firikwensin ta amfani da ruwan tabarau. Masana'antun daban-daban suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban da hanyoyi a wannan hanya, don haka ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa hoton RAW iri ɗaya zai bambanta da wayar Samsung, Huawei, Pixel ko iPhone, kuma babu wata hanyar da ta fi wata. Wasu mutane sun fi son jiyya na Pixel's HDR fiye da mafi yawan ra'ayin mazan jiya da kamannin halitta da yake ba ku iPhone.
Gidan hoton hoto
To yaya game da megapixels?
Shin da gaske suna da mahimmanci haka? Ee. Lokacin da muka ɗauki hotuna, muna sa ran ɗaukar wani matakin sahihanci. Niyya na fasaha a gefe, yawancin mu muna son hotunanmu su kasance kusa da gaskiya kamar yadda zai yiwu, wanda ya karye a fili ta hanyar pixelation na bayyane. Don cimma burin da ake so na gaskiya, dole ne mu kusanci ƙudurin idon ɗan adam. Wannan shine kusan pixels 720 a kowane inch ga mutumin da yake da cikakkiyar lafiya da hangen nesa mara ƙayyadaddun gani idan aka duba shi daga nesa na kusan 30 cm. Don haka, alal misali, idan kuna son buga hotuna a daidaitaccen tsari na 6 × 4, kuna buƙatar ƙudurin 4 × 320, ko kaɗan ƙasa da 2 Mpx.
Kuna iya sha'awar
Amma wannan yana haifar da tambayar: Idan 12 Mpx yana kusa da iyakar abin da matsakaicin mutum zai iya gani, me yasa Samsung ke da Galaxy S23 Ultra 200 Mpx? Akwai dalilai da yawa, amma ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci shine dabarar da ake kira pixel binning, inda ake amfani da murabba'in murabba'i huɗu maimakon photocell ɗaya don tattara bayanai, ta yadda za'a ninka girmansa yadda ya kamata a kashe sakamakon ƙudurin hoto. Tabbas, zai yuwu a sauƙaƙe yin manyan photocells, amma binning ƙananan tare yana ba da fa'idodi waɗanda manyan na'urori masu auna firikwensin ba za su iya daidaitawa ba, kamar ingantattun hotuna na HDR da ƙarfin zuƙowa, wanda kuma alama ce mai mahimmanci ga masu amfani da yawa.
Gidan hoton hoto
Don haka megapixels tabbas suna da mahimmanci a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yanzu, amma kuma yana da kyau duba sauran bayanan fasaha na kyamarar wayarku ta gaba, kamar kayan aikin ruwan tabarau, firikwensin ko processor. A yau, lokacin da, godiya ga harbi a cikin tsarin RAW, za mu iya ganin kadan a ƙarƙashin murfin sihirin software na masana'antun, yana yiwuwa a dauki hotuna tare da wayar hannu a matakin da ya dace.
